Hemostat Ampoules offer a reliable solution for managing hemorrhages and capillary bleeding. These ampoules contain diethylammonium 1.4 dihydroxybenzenesulfonate (etamsylate), a synthetic antihemorrhagic and angioprotective drug. Let’s dive into the composition, properties, indications, dosage, and other important details about Hemostat Ampoules.
Composition
Hemostat contain the following active ingredient: Diethylammonium 1.4 dihydroxybenzenesulfonate (etamsylate):
- Each 2 ml ampoule contains 250 mg of etamsylate
- Each tablet contains 250 mg of etamsylate
Properties and Mode of Action
Etamsylate, the active ingredient in Hemostat, possesses the following properties:
- Antihemorrhagic: Etamsylate acts on the first step of hemostasis, which involves the interaction between endothelium and platelets. By improving platelet adhesiveness and restoring capillary resistance, it reduces bleeding time and blood loss.
- Angioprotective: Etamsylate helps protect the blood vessels and maintain their integrity.
- No vasoconstrictor action: Unlike some other medications, etamsylate does not constrict blood vessels.
- No impact on fibrinolysis or plasma coagulation factors: Etamsylate does not interfere with the breakdown of blood clots or modify the levels of plasma coagulation factors.
Pharmacokinetics
Hemostat Ampoules exhibit the following pharmacokinetic properties:
- Intravenous administration: After intravenous administration of 500 mg etamsylate, the maximum plasma level is reached within 10 minutes. The plasma half-life is approximately 1.9 hours, and about 85% of the administered dose is excreted in the urine within the first 24 hours.
- Oral administration: When taken orally, etamsylate is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. After oral administration of 500 mg etamsylate, the maximum plasma level is reached at around 4 hours. The plasma half-life is approximately 3.7 hours, and about 72% of the administered dose is excreted in the urine within the first 24 hours.
Indications
Hemostat Ampoules are indicated for the following conditions:
- Surgery: Prevention and treatment of bleeding before, during, and after surgery, especially in delicate operations and procedures involving highly vascularized tissues in areas such as E.N.T., gynecology, obstetrics, urology, odontostomatology, ophthalmology, plastic, and reconstructive surgery.
- Internal medicine: Prevention and treatment of capillary hemorrhages of any origin or localization, including hematuria, hematemesis, melena, metrorrhagia, menorrhagia (including IUD-related), epistaxis, and gingivorrhagia.
- Pediatrics: Prevention of periventricular hemorrhages in premature babies.
Dosage and Administration
The dosage of Hemostat Ampoules varies depending on the age group and condition. Here are the recommended guidelines:
- Hemostat Ampoules (Adults dosage):
- Presurgical: 1-2 ampoules intravenously or intramuscularly 1 hour before surgery.
- during surgery: 1-2 ampoules intravenously. Repeat the dosage if necessary.
- Postsurgical: 1-2 ampoules (or tablets). Repeat every 4-6 hours as long as the risk of bleeding persists.
- Emergency cases:
- 1-2 ampoules intravenously or intramuscularly. Repeat every 4-6 hours as long as the risk of bleeding persists.
- Local treatment:
- Soak a swab with the content of an ampoule and apply it to the hemorrhagic area or in the tooth socket after dental extraction. The application can be repeated as necessary and may be combined with oral or parenteral administration.
- Hemostat Ampoules (Children dosage):
- Half the adult dose
- Hemostat tablets (Adults dosage):
- Postsurgical: 1 tablet. Repeat every 4-6 hours as long as the risk of bleeding persists.
- Internal medicine: Generally, 2-3 tablets daily. The duration of treatment depends on the results.
- Gynecology (meno-metrorrhagia): From the fifth day before the expected onset of the menstrual period, take 3 tablets daily for 10 days.
- Hemostat tablets(Children dosage):
- Half the adult dose
Precautions and Adverse Effects
While using Hemostat Ampoules, consider the following precautions:
- First trimester of pregnancy: Avoid using Hemostat/Hemostat 500 during the first trimester of pregnancy.
- Adverse effects: Etamsylate does not induce serological or allergic side effects.
Interactions and Stability
Hemostat Ampoules can be used in combination with other medications, including anticoagulants. When a perfusion with dextran is necessary, Hemostat should be administered first. The ampoules should be protected from light, and if the solution is colored, they should be discarded. Hemostat Ampoules can be administered until the expiration date indicated on the package.
In Conclusion
Hemostat Ampoules containing etamsylate provide an effective solution for managing hemorrhages and capillary bleeding. By improving platelet adhesiveness and restoring capillary resistance, Hemostat helps reduce bleeding time and blood loss. It is commonly used in various surgical procedures, internal medicine cases, and pediatric settings. As with any medication, it is important to follow the recommended dosage and consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance.
Disclaimer: This blog post is for informational purposes only and should not be considered a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any medication or treatment.
The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) code is a classification system for drugs and other medical substances developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Each drug is assigned a unique ATC code that provides information about its pharmacological and therapeutic properties. In this blog post, we will explore and explain the ATC code for etamsylate.
Etamsylate is a synthetic antihemorrhagic and angioprotective drug used to prevent and treat bleeding in various medical conditions. Its ATC code is B02BX03. Let’s break down the ATC code and understand its components:
- B: The first letter of the ATC code represents the anatomical main group. In the case of etamsylate, the “B” category refers to the “Blood and Blood Forming Organs” group. This group includes drugs that affect the blood and its components.
- 02: The two-digit number following the anatomical main group represents the therapeutic subgroup. In the case of etamsylate, the “02” subgroup indicates “Antihemorrhagics.” These are medications that help control or prevent bleeding.
- BX: The letter(s) following the two-digit number represents the pharmacological subgroup. In the case of etamsylate, the “BX” subgroup stands for “Other Hemostatics.” This category includes drugs that promote hemostasis (the process of blood clotting) through various mechanisms.
- 03: The last two digits of the ATC code represent the chemical/therapeutic subgroup. In the case of etamsylate, the “03” subgroup indicates a specific drug within the “Other Hemostatics” category.
In summary, the ATC code for etamsylate is B02BX03, indicating that it belongs to the “Blood and Blood Forming Organs” group, specifically the “Antihemorrhagics” therapeutic subgroup, and falls under the “Other Hemostatics” pharmacological subgroup.
Understanding the ATC code for etamsylate helps healthcare professionals, researchers, and regulatory bodies classify and identify the drug based on its pharmacological and therapeutic properties. It facilitates communication, research, and the monitoring of drug use and safety.
Dr. Ahmad Baker, PharmD
Senior Pharmacist & Health Educator
With over 23 years of clinical experience in hospital and community pharmacy across Egypt and Saudi Arabia, Dr. Ahmad specializes in reproductive health and pharmaceutical safety. He is dedicated to providing evidence-based guidance to empower patients in the MENA region.
Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes and reflects the latest pharmaceutical protocols. It is not a substitute for personal medical advice. Always consult Dr. Ahmad Baker or your healthcare provider before starting any treatment.